Sanskrit Studies - Publications

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Browsing Sanskrit Studies - Publications by Author "Shukl, Devanand"
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    Designing a constraint based parser for Sanskrit
    ( 2010-12-01) Kulkarni, Amba ; Pokar, Sheetal ; Shukl, Devanand
    Verbal understanding (śābdabodha) of any utterance requires the knowledge of how words in that utterance are related to each other. Such knowledge is usually available in the form of cognition of grammatical relations. Generative grammars describe how a language codes these relations. Thus the knowledge of what information various grammatical relations convey is available from the generation point of view and not the analysis point of view. In order to develop a parser based on any grammar one should then know precisely the semantic content of the grammatical relations expressed in a language string, the clues for extracting these relations and finally whether these relations are expressed explicitly or implicitly. Based on the design principles that emerge from this knowledge, we model the parser as finding a directed Tree, given a graph with nodes representing the words and edges representing the possible relations between them. Further, we also use the Mīmā msā constraint of ākānksā (expectancy) to rule out non-solutions and sannidhi (proximity) to prioritize the solutions. We have implemented a parser based on these principles and its performance was found to be satisfactory giving us a confidence to extend its functionality to handle the complex sentences. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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    Vibhakti divergence between Sanskrit and Hindi
    ( 2010-12-01) Shukla, Preeti ; Shukl, Devanand ; Kulkarni, Amba
    Translation divergence at various levels between languages arises due to the different conventions followed by different languages for coding the information of grammatical relations. Though Sanskrit and Hindi belong to the same Indo-Aryan family and structurally as well as lexically Hindi inherits a lot from Sanskrit, yet divergences are observed at the level of function words such as vibhaktis. Pānini in his Astādhyāyī has assigned a default vibhakti to kārakas alongwith many scopes for exceptions. He handles these exceptions either by imposing a new kāraka role or by assigning a special vibhakti. However, these methods are not acceptable in Hindi in toto. Based on the nature of deviation, we propose seven cases of divergences in this paper. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.