Centre for Health Psychology

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Browsing Centre for Health Psychology by Author "Hariharan, Meena"
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Childhood stress and its impact on learning and academic performance
    ( 2013-01-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Swain, Sunyana ; Chivukula, Usha
    Stress has become a potential source of threat in the growth and development of children, having both short-term and long-term effects. Unremitting stress in children has an impact on the autonomous and endocrine system, thereby bringing about interference in learning, transfer of learning, and memory. While culture plays a vital role, the triggers of stress can be both external and internal. The child’s interaction with their immediate environment and the child’s own abilities to counteract the stressful situation also play a vital role. Interventions aimed at changing the way children perceive stress can go a long way towards optimizing their potential in dealing with stressful situations.
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    Childhood stress and its impact on learning and academic performance
    ( 2013-01-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Swain, Sunyana ; Chivukula, Usha
    Stress has become a potential source of threat in the growth and development of children, having both short-term and long-term effects. Unremitting stress in children has an impact on the autonomous and endocrine system, thereby bringing about interference in learning, transfer of learning, and memory. While culture plays a vital role, the triggers of stress can be both external and internal. The child’s interaction with their immediate environment and the child’s own abilities to counteract the stressful situation also play a vital role. Interventions aimed at changing the way children perceive stress can go a long way towards optimizing their potential in dealing with stressful situations.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Correction to: Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population (International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, (2018), 10.1007/s13410-018-0644-z)
    ( 2018-10-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The original version of this article contained a mistake in Phase IV: establishing validity and development of norms under Participants section. The below text For establishing validity and norm of DMKT, data were gathered from 300 patients suffering with type 2 diabetes.
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    Correction to: Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population (International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, (2018), 10.1007/s13410-018-0644-z)
    ( 2018-10-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The original version of this article contained a mistake in Phase IV: establishing validity and development of norms under Participants section. The below text For establishing validity and norm of DMKT, data were gathered from 300 patients suffering with type 2 diabetes.
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    Correction to: Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population (International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, (2018), 10.1007/s13410-018-0644-z)
    ( 2018-10-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The original version of this article contained a mistake in Phase IV: establishing validity and development of norms under Participants section. The below text For establishing validity and norm of DMKT, data were gathered from 300 patients suffering with type 2 diabetes.
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    Development and preliminary testing of the biopsychosocial prognosis scale for coronary artery bypass grafting
    ( 2017-09-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Thomas, Marlyn ; Rana, Suvashisa
    Background: The present study attempted to develop a self-report scale called Biopsychosocial Prognosis Scale for Coronary Artery Bypass grafting (BIPROSCAB) that measured patients' prognosis in an integrated manner, a month after they had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Method: The development and preliminary testing of the psychometric properties of BIPROSCAB followed five phases involving 450 patients in total. Results: Findings gave rise to a 25-item scale which was subjected to an exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. A 9-factor structure emerged, and the factors were named post-CABG affect state, post-CABG anxiety, post-CABG physical pain, discomfort in surgical sites, worry about return to normalcy, discomfort in the leg, CABG bio-social by-products, constraints in socializing, and infection and interference to routine life. The reliability, validity, and usability of BIPROSCAB were also analyzed. Conclusion: BIPROSCAB is a reliable, valid, and useful multidimensional self-report scale for measuring and evaluating the impact of medical treatment and psychosocial intervention in patients after CABG.
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    Development and preliminary testing of the biopsychosocial prognosis scale for coronary artery bypass grafting
    ( 2017-09-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Thomas, Marlyn ; Rana, Suvashisa
    Background: The present study attempted to develop a self-report scale called Biopsychosocial Prognosis Scale for Coronary Artery Bypass grafting (BIPROSCAB) that measured patients' prognosis in an integrated manner, a month after they had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Method: The development and preliminary testing of the psychometric properties of BIPROSCAB followed five phases involving 450 patients in total. Results: Findings gave rise to a 25-item scale which was subjected to an exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. A 9-factor structure emerged, and the factors were named post-CABG affect state, post-CABG anxiety, post-CABG physical pain, discomfort in surgical sites, worry about return to normalcy, discomfort in the leg, CABG bio-social by-products, constraints in socializing, and infection and interference to routine life. The reliability, validity, and usability of BIPROSCAB were also analyzed. Conclusion: BIPROSCAB is a reliable, valid, and useful multidimensional self-report scale for measuring and evaluating the impact of medical treatment and psychosocial intervention in patients after CABG.
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    Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population
    ( 2019-01-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The cornerstone of diabetes management is self-management—a set of skilled behaviors to manage one’s own illness. Education for diabetes self-management is a vital component of overall management. Nevertheless, lack of knowledge concerning the various aspects of diabetes acts as one of the barriers to achieve optimal diabetes control. The objectives of the study were to develop a test to measure the knowledge of symptoms, causes and risk factors, complications, and management of type 2 diabetes and standardize the test initially by establishing the psychometric properties and norms on an Indian clinical sample. This new test named as Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test (DMKT) was developed through four phases—item writing, content validation, item analysis and reliability, and establishment of validity and development of norm—involving three clinical samples (n1 = 10, n2 = 212, n3 = 268) basing on cross-sectional survey design. The DMKT consisted of 37 items having dichotomous response category that were distributed under four theoretical dimensions—symptoms (9 items), causes and risk factors (12 items), complications (11 items), and management (5 items). The reliability of the test was found to be.76. The convergent validity and norm were established. The implications and short-comings of the DMKT were discussed.
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    Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population
    ( 2019-01-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The cornerstone of diabetes management is self-management—a set of skilled behaviors to manage one’s own illness. Education for diabetes self-management is a vital component of overall management. Nevertheless, lack of knowledge concerning the various aspects of diabetes acts as one of the barriers to achieve optimal diabetes control. The objectives of the study were to develop a test to measure the knowledge of symptoms, causes and risk factors, complications, and management of type 2 diabetes and standardize the test initially by establishing the psychometric properties and norms on an Indian clinical sample. This new test named as Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test (DMKT) was developed through four phases—item writing, content validation, item analysis and reliability, and establishment of validity and development of norm—involving three clinical samples (n1 = 10, n2 = 212, n3 = 268) basing on cross-sectional survey design. The DMKT consisted of 37 items having dichotomous response category that were distributed under four theoretical dimensions—symptoms (9 items), causes and risk factors (12 items), complications (11 items), and management (5 items). The reliability of the test was found to be.76. The convergent validity and norm were established. The implications and short-comings of the DMKT were discussed.
  • Item
    Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population
    ( 2019-01-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The cornerstone of diabetes management is self-management—a set of skilled behaviors to manage one’s own illness. Education for diabetes self-management is a vital component of overall management. Nevertheless, lack of knowledge concerning the various aspects of diabetes acts as one of the barriers to achieve optimal diabetes control. The objectives of the study were to develop a test to measure the knowledge of symptoms, causes and risk factors, complications, and management of type 2 diabetes and standardize the test initially by establishing the psychometric properties and norms on an Indian clinical sample. This new test named as Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test (DMKT) was developed through four phases—item writing, content validation, item analysis and reliability, and establishment of validity and development of norm—involving three clinical samples (n1 = 10, n2 = 212, n3 = 268) basing on cross-sectional survey design. The DMKT consisted of 37 items having dichotomous response category that were distributed under four theoretical dimensions—symptoms (9 items), causes and risk factors (12 items), complications (11 items), and management (5 items). The reliability of the test was found to be.76. The convergent validity and norm were established. The implications and short-comings of the DMKT were discussed.
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    Doctor-Patient Communication: Impact on Adherence and Prognosis Among Patients with Primary Hypertension
    ( 2015-03-01) Swain, Sunayana ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Chivukula, Usha ; Thomas, Marlyn
    This study examined the effect of quality of doctor-patient communication on adherence and the effect of adherence on prognosis of patients diagnosed with primary hypertension. A sample of 30 doctors and 300 hypertensive patients with the ratio of one doctor and 10 patients participated in the study. Quality of communication was measured using similarity index that measured the transaction between the doctor and the patient as a whole. Adherence was measured through self-report while prognosis was measured by doctors’ ratings based on clinical symptoms and blood pressure readings of the patient. Results revealed that quality of communication significantly contributed to adherence and prognosis. Adherence significantly contributed to prognosis. The impact of quality of communication on prognosis suggested a definite pathway through adherence. The implications of enhancing the quality of doctor-patient communication are discussed.
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    Doctor-Patient Communication: Impact on Adherence and Prognosis Among Patients with Primary Hypertension
    ( 2015-03-01) Swain, Sunayana ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Chivukula, Usha ; Thomas, Marlyn
    This study examined the effect of quality of doctor-patient communication on adherence and the effect of adherence on prognosis of patients diagnosed with primary hypertension. A sample of 30 doctors and 300 hypertensive patients with the ratio of one doctor and 10 patients participated in the study. Quality of communication was measured using similarity index that measured the transaction between the doctor and the patient as a whole. Adherence was measured through self-report while prognosis was measured by doctors’ ratings based on clinical symptoms and blood pressure readings of the patient. Results revealed that quality of communication significantly contributed to adherence and prognosis. Adherence significantly contributed to prognosis. The impact of quality of communication on prognosis suggested a definite pathway through adherence. The implications of enhancing the quality of doctor-patient communication are discussed.
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    Doctor-Patient Communication: Impact on Adherence and Prognosis Among Patients with Primary Hypertension
    ( 2015-03-01) Swain, Sunayana ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Chivukula, Usha ; Thomas, Marlyn
    This study examined the effect of quality of doctor-patient communication on adherence and the effect of adherence on prognosis of patients diagnosed with primary hypertension. A sample of 30 doctors and 300 hypertensive patients with the ratio of one doctor and 10 patients participated in the study. Quality of communication was measured using similarity index that measured the transaction between the doctor and the patient as a whole. Adherence was measured through self-report while prognosis was measured by doctors’ ratings based on clinical symptoms and blood pressure readings of the patient. Results revealed that quality of communication significantly contributed to adherence and prognosis. Adherence significantly contributed to prognosis. The impact of quality of communication on prognosis suggested a definite pathway through adherence. The implications of enhancing the quality of doctor-patient communication are discussed.