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ItemDeep underground neutrino experiment (DUNE) near detector conceptual design report( 2021-12-01) Abud, A. Abed ; Abi, B. ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adamov, G. ; Adams, D. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Aduszkiewicz, A. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Alion, T. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alrashed, M. ; Alt, C. ; Alton, A. ; Amedo, P. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Anfimov, N. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antonova, M. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Ayala-Torres, M. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, A. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagaturia, I. ; Bagby, L. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Baller, B. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Basharina-Freshville, A. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Belchior, E. ; Battat, J. B.R. ; Battisti, F. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Rodríguez, A. Betancur ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuller, S. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M. ; Biery, K. ; Bilki, B. ; Bishai, M. ; Bitadze, A. ; Blake, A. ; Blaszczyk, F. D.M. ; Blazey, G. C. ; Blucher, E. ; Boissevain, J. ; Bolognesi, S. ; Bolton, T. ; Bomben, L. ; Bonesini, M. ; Bongrand, M.The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. The experiment consists of a near detector, sited close to the source of the beam, and a far detector, sited along the beam at a large distance. This document, the DUNE Near Detector Conceptual Design Report (CDR), describes the design of the DUNE near detector and the science program that drives the design and technology choices. The goals and requirements underlying the design, along with projected performance are given. It serves as a starting point for a more detailed design that will be described in future documents.
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ItemDeep underground neutrino experiment (DUNE) near detector conceptual design report( 2021-12-01) Abud, A. Abed ; Abi, B. ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adamov, G. ; Adams, D. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Aduszkiewicz, A. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Alion, T. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alrashed, M. ; Alt, C. ; Alton, A. ; Amedo, P. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Anfimov, N. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antonova, M. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Ayala-Torres, M. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, A. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagaturia, I. ; Bagby, L. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Baller, B. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Basharina-Freshville, A. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Belchior, E. ; Battat, J. B.R. ; Battisti, F. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Rodríguez, A. Betancur ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuller, S. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M. ; Biery, K. ; Bilki, B. ; Bishai, M. ; Bitadze, A. ; Blake, A. ; Blaszczyk, F. D.M. ; Blazey, G. C. ; Blucher, E. ; Boissevain, J. ; Bolognesi, S. ; Bolton, T. ; Bomben, L. ; Bonesini, M. ; Bongrand, M.The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. The experiment consists of a near detector, sited close to the source of the beam, and a far detector, sited along the beam at a large distance. This document, the DUNE Near Detector Conceptual Design Report (CDR), describes the design of the DUNE near detector and the science program that drives the design and technology choices. The goals and requirements underlying the design, along with projected performance are given. It serves as a starting point for a more detailed design that will be described in future documents.
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ItemDesign, construction and operation of the ProtoDUNE-SP Liquid Argon TPC( 2022-01-01) Abud, A. Abed ; Abi, B. ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adames, M. R. ; Adamov, G. ; Adams, D. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Aduszkiewicz, A. ; Aguilar, J. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Ali-Mohammadzadeh, B. ; Alion, T. ; Allison, K. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alrashed, M. ; Alt, C. ; Alton, A. ; Amedo, P. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andreotti, M. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Anfimov, N. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antoniassi, M. ; Antonova, M. ; Antoshkin, A. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Asquith, L. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Ayala-Torres, M. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, A. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagaturia, I. ; Bagby, L. ; Balashov, N. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Baller, B. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, A. ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Basharina-Freshville, A. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Belchior, E. ; Battat, J. B.R. ; Battisti, F. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Montiel, C. Benitez ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berger, J. ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Rodríguez, A. Betancur ; Bevan, A. ; Bezerra, T. J.C. ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuller, S. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M.The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) that was constructed and operated in the CERN North Area at the end of the H4 beamline. This detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be constructed at the Sandford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, U.S.A. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector incorporates full-size components as designed for DUNE and has an active volume of 7 × 6 × 7.2 m3. The H4 beam delivers incident particles with well-measured momenta and high-purity particle identification. ProtoDUNE-SP's successful operation between 2018 and 2020 demonstrates the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design. This paper describes the design, construction, assembly and operation of the detector components.
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ItemDesign, construction and operation of the ProtoDUNE-SP Liquid Argon TPC( 2022-01-01) Abud, A. Abed ; Abi, B. ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adames, M. R. ; Adamov, G. ; Adams, D. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Aduszkiewicz, A. ; Aguilar, J. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Ali-Mohammadzadeh, B. ; Alion, T. ; Allison, K. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alrashed, M. ; Alt, C. ; Alton, A. ; Amedo, P. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andreotti, M. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Anfimov, N. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antoniassi, M. ; Antonova, M. ; Antoshkin, A. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Asquith, L. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Ayala-Torres, M. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, A. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagaturia, I. ; Bagby, L. ; Balashov, N. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Baller, B. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, A. ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Basharina-Freshville, A. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Belchior, E. ; Battat, J. B.R. ; Battisti, F. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Montiel, C. Benitez ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berger, J. ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Rodríguez, A. Betancur ; Bevan, A. ; Bezerra, T. J.C. ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuller, S. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M.The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) that was constructed and operated in the CERN North Area at the end of the H4 beamline. This detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be constructed at the Sandford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, U.S.A. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector incorporates full-size components as designed for DUNE and has an active volume of 7 × 6 × 7.2 m3. The H4 beam delivers incident particles with well-measured momenta and high-purity particle identification. ProtoDUNE-SP's successful operation between 2018 and 2020 demonstrates the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design. This paper describes the design, construction, assembly and operation of the detector components.
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ItemFirst results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform( 2020-12-01) Abi, B. ; Abud, A. Abed ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adamov, G. ; Adamowski, M. ; Adams, D. ; Adrien, P. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Alion, T. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alt, C. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antonova, M. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagby, L. ; Bajou, R. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berger, J. ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Bezawada, Y. ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M. ; Biery, K. ; Bilki, B. ; Bishai, M. ; Bitadze, A. ; Blake, A. ; Siffert, B. Blanco ; Blaszczyk, F. D.M. ; Blazey, G. C. ; Blucher, E. ; Boissevain, J. ; Bolognesi, S. ; Bolton, T. ; Bonesini, M. ; Bongrand, M. ; Bonini, F. ; Booth, A. ; Booth, C. ; Bordoni, S. ; Borkum, A. ; Boschi, T. ; Bostan, N. ; Bour, P. ; Boyd, S. B. ; Boyden, D.The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2× 6.1× 7.0 m3. It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/c to 7 GeV/c. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate momentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP's performance, including noise and gain measurements, dE/dx calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron lifetime measurements, and photon detector noise, signal sensitivity and time resolution measurements. The measured values meet or exceed the specifications for the DUNE far detector, in several cases by large margins. ProtoDUNE-SP's successful operation starting in 2018 and its production of large samples of high-quality data demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design.
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ItemFirst results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform( 2020-12-01) Abi, B. ; Abud, A. Abed ; Acciarri, R. ; Acero, M. A. ; Adamov, G. ; Adamowski, M. ; Adams, D. ; Adrien, P. ; Adinolfi, M. ; Ahmad, Z. ; Ahmed, J. ; Alion, T. ; Monsalve, S. Alonso ; Alt, C. ; Anderson, J. ; Andreopoulos, C. ; Andrews, M. P. ; Andrianala, F. ; Andringa, S. ; Ankowski, A. ; Antonova, M. ; Antusch, S. ; Aranda-Fernandez, A. ; Ariga, A. ; Arnold, L. O. ; Arroyave, M. A. ; Asaadi, J. ; Aurisano, A. ; Aushev, V. ; Autiero, D. ; Azfar, F. ; Back, H. ; Back, J. J. ; Backhouse, C. ; Baesso, P. ; Bagby, L. ; Bajou, R. ; Balasubramanian, S. ; Baldi, P. ; Bambah, B. ; Barao, F. ; Barenboim, G. ; Barker, G. J. ; Barkhouse, W. ; Barnes, C. ; Barr, G. ; Monarca, J. Barranco ; Barros, N. ; Barrow, J. L. ; Bashyal, A. ; Basque, V. ; Bay, F. ; Alba, J. L.Bazo ; Beacom, J. F. ; Bechetoille, E. ; Behera, B. ; Bellantoni, L. ; Bellettini, G. ; Bellini, V. ; Beltramello, O. ; Belver, D. ; Benekos, N. ; Neves, F. Bento ; Berger, J. ; Berkman, S. ; Bernardini, P. ; Berner, R. M. ; Berns, H. ; Bertolucci, S. ; Betancourt, M. ; Bezawada, Y. ; Bhattacharjee, M. ; Bhuyan, B. ; Biagi, S. ; Bian, J. ; Biassoni, M. ; Biery, K. ; Bilki, B. ; Bishai, M. ; Bitadze, A. ; Blake, A. ; Siffert, B. Blanco ; Blaszczyk, F. D.M. ; Blazey, G. C. ; Blucher, E. ; Boissevain, J. ; Bolognesi, S. ; Bolton, T. ; Bonesini, M. ; Bongrand, M. ; Bonini, F. ; Booth, A. ; Booth, C. ; Bordoni, S. ; Borkum, A. ; Boschi, T. ; Bostan, N. ; Bour, P. ; Boyd, S. B. ; Boyden, D.The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2× 6.1× 7.0 m3. It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/c to 7 GeV/c. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate momentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP's performance, including noise and gain measurements, dE/dx calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron lifetime measurements, and photon detector noise, signal sensitivity and time resolution measurements. The measured values meet or exceed the specifications for the DUNE far detector, in several cases by large margins. ProtoDUNE-SP's successful operation starting in 2018 and its production of large samples of high-quality data demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design.