Effect of Solvent and Functionality on the Physical Properties of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB)-Based Polyurethane

Abstract

The present article reports the investigation on the effects of solvent and position of functionality on various physical properties of polyurethanes (PUs) based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). The PU films (curative) were prepared by coupling HTPB (P0) with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) in various solvent media. The PUs obtained in different solvent media displayed similar thermal profile and glass transition temperature (Tg), but their tensile properties varied significantly. Optimized tensile properties were observed when tetrahydrofuran was used as the solvent media. In the course, the investigation of the functionality effect, tetrazole (M1, M2, and M3) were covalently attached at the terminal carbon of HTPB to obtain three modified HTPBs (P1, P2, and P3), thereby coupling with IPDI to obtain the corresponding tetrazole functional PUs films. Pristine (P0-PU) and functional PU (P1-PU, P2-PU, and P3-PU) films have similar thermal profile and Tg (-76 °C), but they have a notable enhancement in tensile properties; for example, tensile strength and elongation at break of P0-PU were found to be 3.21 MPa and 727%, respectively, whereas these values were 4.84 MPa and 958%, respectively, in the case of P3-PU. It was observed that on increasing the number of methylene group from 1 to 3 between HTPB and tetrazole moiety, the strength of hydrogen bonding increases, which facilitates better packing of urethane network in the PU and hence improves the tensile properties. Also, modification of pristine HTPB with tetrazole derivatives enhanced the calorific values of the resulting PUs.