Biotechnology and Bioinformatics - Theses

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Browsing Biotechnology and Bioinformatics - Theses by Supervisor "Nooruddin Khan"
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    Amino acid deprivation sensing pathway in the regulation of innate-inflammatory responses : an approach to understand pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis
    (University of Hyderabad, 2018-02-01) Srikanth, Battu ; Nooruddin Khan
    1.1 Ulcerative Colitis: Ulcerative Colitis (UC), and Crohn’s disease (CD) are the two major clinical forms of Intestinal bowel disease (IBD) which are characterized by chronic, recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal-tract (Kappelman et al. 2007). UC and CD are associated with high morbidity along with decreased quality of life due to enormous illness burden (Ferguson, Sedgwick, and Drummond 1994). Although UC and CD share many clinical features such as bloody stools, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and fatigue- each has distinct features (Head, Jurenka, and Ascp 2003), For instance, CD affects every part of the gastrointestinal tract with the development of clinical manifestations including abscesses, fistula, and strictures, typically leaving discontinuous segments of normal tissue. While UC is restricted to the colon, with the clinical manifestations of mucosal inflammation and ulceration that ranges from rectum to large intestine (Silverberg et al. 2005). In addition to intestinal features patient may also experience extraintestinal manifestations including musculoskeletal, eyes, and dermal related complications
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    Understanding the role of GCN2 mediated amino acid sensing pathway in the pathogenesis of Dengue virus infection
    (University of Hyderabad, 2019-05-01) Afroz, Sumbul ; Nooruddin Khan
    DENV infection is expanding at an alarming rate and is currently one of the most frequent resurging viral infections globally. With an estimated ~400 million infections annually (Aguirre et al., 2017; Jayathilaka et al., 2018; N. E. A. Murray, Quam, & Wilder-Smith, 2013), Dengue indeed embodies a global threat. The continuous resurgence and expansion of Dengue is predominantly attributed to the geographical expansion of both vector and virus with many urban areas of tropics witnessing hyperendemic state and non-availability of an effective licensed Dengue vaccine capable of neutralizing all DENV serotypes (Afroz, Giddaluru, Manzar Abbas, & Khan, 2016; Bhatt et al., 2013). Lack of a coherent archetype to discourse the pathological impacts of Dengue as well as the strategies employed by the virus to evade the host immune responses has created enormous challenges for the designing of a safe, efficacious therapeutic interventions against DENV infection (McArthur, Sztein, & Edelman, 2013). The efforts for designing Dengue vaccine dates back to the Second World war when the virus strains were isolated(Rothman, 2011). While the pace towards Dengue vaccine development since then has been considerably unsatisfactory, the incidence and geographical range of Dengue has increased to greater than 30 fold across most of the subtropical and tropical regions worldwide(Maria G Guzman, Gubler, Izquierdo, Martinez, & Halstead, 2016; Rothman, 2011). The unavailability of an appropriate animal model(Afroz et al., 2016) that can reproduce human disease has made it even more challenging to design a potent vaccine against Dengue. The slow progress towards Dengue vaccine development indicates the rare challenges the disease brings with itself.