As the union government moves towards creation of a separate state of Telangana in India, this article attempts to present the history and political sociology of the movement that has raised and registered this demand on the national consciousness. The focus here is on the manner in which the issue has been articulated by the concerned intelligentsia. The article critically evaluates the various positions taken by the intelligentsia on the matter. It underlines the predominant role being played by intellectuals in demanding a separate state of Telangana within the Indian federal set-up. It also highlights the socio-political and intellectual contours of vision that have been envisaged for ultimate creation of the state.