Health Psychology - Publications

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    A functional model explaining the dynamics of flourishing during adolescence: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
    ( 2022-01-01) Nandinee, Durgesh ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Seema, Naga
    Purpose: The objectives of the study were to explore the lived experiences of adolescents for understanding the process of their flourishing and develop a functional model to explain the dynamics of flourishing during adolescence. Design/methodology/approach: Guided by the qualitative approach, the authors used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore how various factors affect the process of flourishing during adolescence. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 10 adolescents to collect qualitative data. Findings: A total of eight boosters (four internal and four external) and seven barriers (five internal and two external) emerged. The results highlighted the importance of a functional model that explained the dynamics of adolescents' flourishing. Though the authors conceded that the presence of boosters and absence of barriers were instrumental in enhancing flourishing during adolescence, based on the extant literature, the authors assumed the existence and operation of other intra-individual and inter-individual factors or correlates. Research limitations/implications: First, the study participants are school-going adolescents living in a supported urban family environment where expectations to study and achieve are an important cultural component. Second, the study has focussed on the participants belonging to late adolescence—a transitional phase to emerging adulthood. Practical implications: There are three implications of the study—theoretical (conceptualisation of a functional model), practical (construction of a new measure of flourishing) and clinical (designing intervention programmes to enhance positive living in adolescents). Originality/value: The study has provided a deeper insight into adolescents' flourishing from insiders' perspectives using the framework of IPA and discovered and elaborated a functional model of adolescents' flourishing.
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    A functional model explaining the dynamics of flourishing during adolescence: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
    ( 2022-01-01) Nandinee, Durgesh ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Seema, Naga
    Purpose: The objectives of the study were to explore the lived experiences of adolescents for understanding the process of their flourishing and develop a functional model to explain the dynamics of flourishing during adolescence. Design/methodology/approach: Guided by the qualitative approach, the authors used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore how various factors affect the process of flourishing during adolescence. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 10 adolescents to collect qualitative data. Findings: A total of eight boosters (four internal and four external) and seven barriers (five internal and two external) emerged. The results highlighted the importance of a functional model that explained the dynamics of adolescents' flourishing. Though the authors conceded that the presence of boosters and absence of barriers were instrumental in enhancing flourishing during adolescence, based on the extant literature, the authors assumed the existence and operation of other intra-individual and inter-individual factors or correlates. Research limitations/implications: First, the study participants are school-going adolescents living in a supported urban family environment where expectations to study and achieve are an important cultural component. Second, the study has focussed on the participants belonging to late adolescence—a transitional phase to emerging adulthood. Practical implications: There are three implications of the study—theoretical (conceptualisation of a functional model), practical (construction of a new measure of flourishing) and clinical (designing intervention programmes to enhance positive living in adolescents). Originality/value: The study has provided a deeper insight into adolescents' flourishing from insiders' perspectives using the framework of IPA and discovered and elaborated a functional model of adolescents' flourishing.
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    Burden experience of caregivers of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Impact of coping and spirituality
    ( 2018-04-01) Chivukula, Usha ; Kota, Sirisha ; Nandinee, Durgesh
    Background: When a child is diagnosed with cancer the parents as caregivers experience severe anxiety, trauma, ambiguity, and grief. Caregivers of cancer patients thus deal with the management of their own psychological distress along with the child's illness. Aim: Coping plays a crucial role in improving the caregivers' physical and emotional well-being. Spirituality is an important means of consolation, strength, and emotional support during this phase. The present study aims to investigate the impact of coping and spirituality on caregiver burden. Methods: A total of 100 caregivers of children between the age group of 3-11 years, diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were the participants of the study. The participants were recruited from cancer hospitals in Hyderabad. The study adopted a between-group design to find out if mothers and fathers differed in their coping strategies, spirituality, and caregiver burden. The study also adopted a correlation design to find the relationship between coping, spirituality, and caregiver burden. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to identify if coping and spirituality predict caregiver burden. Results: The results showed no significant difference in the burden experienced by both mothers and fathers; however, mothers and fathers used different coping strategies and differed on the dimensions of spirituality. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that dimensions of coping and spirituality were significant predictors of caregiver burden. Conclusion: Cancer in the child impacts the parent's burden but providing sufficient support and implementing effective coping strategies, will help in mitigating the intensity of caregiver burden. It is essential that the hospital authorities and policymakers understand that a professional health psychologist could be a liaison between the doctor, patient, and the caregiver in bringing down the levels of burden and psychological distress in caregivers as well as patients.
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    Cancer specific interpersonal relationship scale (Cansirs): Construction and preliminary validation
    ( 2018-07-01) Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Rana, Suvashisa
    Cancer interrupts the life of the person diagnosed with the disease and their caregivers, it may also result in change in activities such as social and general stability of the life of both patients and caregivers. These changes have potential ramifications for relationship adjustment and the ways in which the patients and caregivers relate to and support one another. Therefore, our main objectives were to construct a self-report scale to measure the interpersonal relationship between patients with cancer and their caregivers and examine the different psychometric issues as well as to establish preliminary validation in the development of this scale. Two hundred and fifty dyads consisting of patient with breast cancer, head and neck cancer and their family caregivers were selected. Findings indicated that majority of the dimensions for both Form A and B of CANSIRS have high alpha coefficient. The results of factor analysis and preliminary validation were also discussed. The present study findings show that the scale developed with further factor analytic research, could become useful clinical tools.
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    Cancer specific interpersonal relationship scale (Cansirs): Construction and preliminary validation
    ( 2018-07-01) Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Rana, Suvashisa
    Cancer interrupts the life of the person diagnosed with the disease and their caregivers, it may also result in change in activities such as social and general stability of the life of both patients and caregivers. These changes have potential ramifications for relationship adjustment and the ways in which the patients and caregivers relate to and support one another. Therefore, our main objectives were to construct a self-report scale to measure the interpersonal relationship between patients with cancer and their caregivers and examine the different psychometric issues as well as to establish preliminary validation in the development of this scale. Two hundred and fifty dyads consisting of patient with breast cancer, head and neck cancer and their family caregivers were selected. Findings indicated that majority of the dimensions for both Form A and B of CANSIRS have high alpha coefficient. The results of factor analysis and preliminary validation were also discussed. The present study findings show that the scale developed with further factor analytic research, could become useful clinical tools.
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    Cancer specific interpersonal relationship scale (Cansirs): Construction and preliminary validation
    ( 2018-07-01) Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Rana, Suvashisa
    Cancer interrupts the life of the person diagnosed with the disease and their caregivers, it may also result in change in activities such as social and general stability of the life of both patients and caregivers. These changes have potential ramifications for relationship adjustment and the ways in which the patients and caregivers relate to and support one another. Therefore, our main objectives were to construct a self-report scale to measure the interpersonal relationship between patients with cancer and their caregivers and examine the different psychometric issues as well as to establish preliminary validation in the development of this scale. Two hundred and fifty dyads consisting of patient with breast cancer, head and neck cancer and their family caregivers were selected. Findings indicated that majority of the dimensions for both Form A and B of CANSIRS have high alpha coefficient. The results of factor analysis and preliminary validation were also discussed. The present study findings show that the scale developed with further factor analytic research, could become useful clinical tools.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Care givers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization as predictors of identical symptoms in cancer patients
    ( 2016-01-01) Padmaja, Gadiraju ; Vanlalhruaii, Chhakchhuak ; Rana, Suvashisa ; Nandinee, Durgesh ; Hariharan, Meena
    Context: The critical condition of the cancer patient and the stringent medical procedures do not often warrant the accessibility of the patient for psychological evaluation. Therefore, the study is conceptualized to assess the psychological problems of caregivers, which in turn have their impact upon cancer patients. Aims: The objective of the study was to explore the relationships between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization in cancer patients and their caregivers along with age, gender, and relationship; and to measure whether these psychological problems of caregivers were predictors of the identical symptoms of the cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of cancer patients and their caregivers. The sample had 200 participants, with 100 patients (male = 47 and female = 53) and 100 caregivers. (male = 36 and female = 64) selected by purposive sampling method. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, product.moment correlations, simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Significant correlations were found between cancer patients' depression and anxiety, and caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization; patients' distress and somatization, and caregivers' anxiety and age, respectively. It was also found that anxiety was a significant predictor of distress in patients, and that caregivers' depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization significantly predicted depression and anxiety in cancer patients. Conclusions: The association between depression, anxiety, distress, and somatization of caregivers and patients indicates the need for psychological interventions to manage these problems of caregivers, which would in turn help managing the identical symptoms in patients.
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    Changes in protein composition and protein phosphorylation during somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    ( 2009-08-04) Roja Rani, A. ; Venkateswarlu, P. ; Padmaja, G. ; Venkatesh, K. ; Baburao, Nimala
    Changes in protein profiles and protein phosphorylation were studied in various stages of germinating somatic and zygotic embryos. Many proteins, which were expressed in cotyledonary stage somatic embryos, were also present in the zygotic embryos obtained from mature dry seed. The intensity of 22 kDa protein was much higher in zygotic embryos in comparison to cotyledonary somatic embryos. Proteins of 55, 53, 27 and 25 kDa did not vary in expression during different stages of germination of somatic and zygotic embryos. There was rapid accumulation of 28 kda protein in germinating zygotic and somatic embryos at 3rd stage and persisted during the subsequent stages of germination indicating the emergence of radical and plumule. A clear difference was observed in the patterns of protein phosphorylation in germinating somatic and zygotic embryos. A 50 kDa protein was heavily phosphorylated in mature zygotic embryos at 2nd stage of germination and disappeared in 3rd stage of germination. Protiens of 50 and 43 kDa proteins showed enhanced phosphorylation up to 3rd stage and drastic reduction was observed at 4th stage. In addition, phosphorylation of 68 and 65 kDa specifically appeared in 3rd stage of germinating somatic embryos and were not observed during any germinating stages of zygotic embryos. © 2009 Academic Journals.
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    Changes in protein profiles associated with somatic embryogenesis in peanut
    ( 2005-09-01) Roja Rani, A. ; Reddy, V. D. ; Prakash Babu, P. ; Padmaja, G.
    The somatic embryogenesis potential of zygotic embryo axes of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. DRG-12) at different stages of development was evaluated by culturing on MS medium with 18.1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). A 100 % frequency with 18.3 somatic embryos per explant was observed from 4 mm long immature zygotic embryo axes collected 31 - 40 d after pollination. Medium supplemented with 16.6 μM picloram resulted in slow development of somatic embryos whereas in the presence of 21.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), the explants underwent maturation with induction of roots after 30 d. The changes in protein profiles in zygotic embryo axes at different stages of development correlated with their potential to form somatic embryos. Immature zygotic embryo axes exhibited high frequency somatic embryogenesis in the stage preceding abundant accumulation of 22 and 65 kDa proteins. The content of 22 and 65 kDa proteins decreased immediately after culture on medium fortified with 18.1 μM 2,4-D and increased again after 12 d of culture coinciding with the development of somatic embryos on the explants. The content of 22 and 65 kDa proteins was low at 15 d of culture on medium supplemented with 16.6 μM picloram possibly due to slow development of the somatic embryos on the explant. On maturation medium containing 21.5 μM NAA, a marked increase in the content of 22 and 65 kDa proteins in 15 d-old cultures was observed.
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    Childhood stress and its impact on learning and academic performance
    ( 2013-01-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Swain, Sunyana ; Chivukula, Usha
    Stress has become a potential source of threat in the growth and development of children, having both short-term and long-term effects. Unremitting stress in children has an impact on the autonomous and endocrine system, thereby bringing about interference in learning, transfer of learning, and memory. While culture plays a vital role, the triggers of stress can be both external and internal. The child’s interaction with their immediate environment and the child’s own abilities to counteract the stressful situation also play a vital role. Interventions aimed at changing the way children perceive stress can go a long way towards optimizing their potential in dealing with stressful situations.
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    Childhood stress and its impact on learning and academic performance
    ( 2013-01-01) Hariharan, Meena ; Swain, Sunyana ; Chivukula, Usha
    Stress has become a potential source of threat in the growth and development of children, having both short-term and long-term effects. Unremitting stress in children has an impact on the autonomous and endocrine system, thereby bringing about interference in learning, transfer of learning, and memory. While culture plays a vital role, the triggers of stress can be both external and internal. The child’s interaction with their immediate environment and the child’s own abilities to counteract the stressful situation also play a vital role. Interventions aimed at changing the way children perceive stress can go a long way towards optimizing their potential in dealing with stressful situations.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Children’s understanding of cancer: Developmental trend in their conceptual complexity
    ( 2018-10-01) Kopparty, Swarajya ; Tiamongla, ; Vanlalhruaii, C. ; Hariharan, Meena ; Gadiraju, Padmaja ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This study aimed to understand children’s conceptualization of the disease cancer and track the changes in the complexity in comprehending cancer with progression in class. The sample was drawn from three schools that enrolled socioeconomically disadvantaged group of children enrolled from class VI to class X. Results were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Content analysis identified a total of seven themes into which the responses were distributed. The complexity of conceptualization was measured by evolving Entropy scores or Divergence Index. It clearly tracked a progressive developmental trend in complexity of the schema among the children.
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    Clonal propagation of mulberry (Morus indica L. cultivar M-5) through in vitro culture of nodal explants
    ( 1999-04-09) Vijaya Chitra, D. S. ; Padmaja, G.
    A high frequency of sprouting (80.0%) and shoot differentiation was observed in the primary cultures of nodal explants of Morus indica L. cultivar M-5 on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.3 mg/l). In vitro proliferated shoots were multiplied rapidly by culture of shoot tips on MS medium with BAP (0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) which produced the greatest multiple shoot formation. Multiplication was also achieved by culture of shoot tips on MS medium with BAP (4.0 mg/l) and GA3 (0.05 mg/l) which facilitated the elongation of shoots followed by sprouting of axillary buds of in vitro grown shoots. A high frequency of rooting (86.7%) with development of healthy roots was observed from shoots cultured on medium with 2,4-D (1.0 mg/l). Plants with well developed roots were transferred to soil with a survival frequently of 80%.
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    Coping Competence, Mindfulness, and Well-being of Indian Adolescents
    ( 2020-12-01) Padhy, Meera ; Monteiro, Sandra Roshni ; Chelli, Kavya
    Adolescence is a volatile and fragile transitional period of life marked with experiences that threat well-being. The objectives of the study were devised to investigate the relationship between coping competence, mindfulness, and well-being and to examine the role of coping competence and mindfulness on well-being. The study followed a correlational design. A total sample of 221 adolescents (111 boys and 110 girls; age range 14–19 years) were recruited from schools and colleges through purposive sampling and were administered the following scales: cognitive and affective mindfulness scale-revised, the coping competence questionnaire, and WHO Well-Being Index 5. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t test, Pearson’s correlation and standard multiple regression. A significant positive relationship between all the three variables, viz. coping competence, mindfulness and well-being was found. Multiple regression analyses indicated that both the variables-coping competence and mindfulness (together as a model) predicted well-being but did not make significant individual contributions in predicting well-being. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
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    Correction to: Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test: development, psychometric evaluation, and establishing norms for Indian population (International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, (2018), 10.1007/s13410-018-0644-z)
    ( 2018-10-01) Padhy, Meera ; Padiri, Ruth Angiel ; Hariharan, Meena ; Rana, Suvashisa
    The original version of this article contained a mistake in Phase IV: establishing validity and development of norms under Participants section. The below text For establishing validity and norm of DMKT, data were gathered from 300 patients suffering with type 2 diabetes.