Centre for Modelling, Simulation and Design

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    A Blockchain-based Cyber Attack Detection Scheme for Decentralized Internet of Things using Software-Defined Network
    ( 2021-07-01) Guha Roy, Deepsubhra ; Srirama, Satish Narayana
    Due to using less secured and movable devices in Internet of Things (IoT) platform, cyber-attacks have been a major issue nowadays. Different researches have been conducted to detect the probable security attacks, but faced constraints like storage, computation cost, system failure and high latency. Existing systems require continuous monitoring, controlling, and collecting the data in entire network for delivering services with the maximum security and defense mechanism against cyber-attacks. In this context, a decentralized mechanism of security has been presented in this article using a software-defined network (SDN) integrated with blockchain for IoT in mobile edge and fog computing. The SDN continuously monitors and analyzes the system traffic for providing an attack identification model. The blockchain has been used to overcome the failure issues addressed in the existing models by delivering decentralized attack identification scheme which detects attacks in fog and reduces it in the edge node.
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    A Combined System Metrics Approach to Cloud Service Reliability Using Artificial Intelligence
    ( 2022-03-01) Chhetri, Tek Raj ; Dehury, Chinmaya Kumar ; Lind, Artjom ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Fensel, Anna
    Identifying and anticipating potential failures in the cloud is an effective method for increasing cloud reliability and proactive failure management. Many studies have been conducted to predict potential failure, but none have combined SMART (self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology) hard drive metrics with other system metrics, such as central processing unit (CPU) utilisation. Therefore, we propose a combined system metrics approach for failure prediction based on artificial intelligence to improve reliability. We tested over 100 cloud servers’ data and four artificial intelligence algorithms: random forest, gradient boosting, long short-term memory, and gated recurrent unit, and also performed correlation analysis. Our correlation analysis sheds light on the relationships that exist between system metrics and failure, and the experimental results demonstrate the advantages of combining system metrics, outperforming the state-of-the-art.
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    A comparative account of quantum dynamics of the H+ + H 2 reaction at low temperature on two different potential energy surfaces
    ( 2014-08-14) Rao, T. Rajagopala ; Mahapatra, S. ; Honvault, P.
    Rotationally resolved reaction probabilities, integral cross sections, and rate constant for the H+ + H2 (v = 0, j = 0 or 1) → H2 (v′ = 0, j′) + H+ reaction are calculated using a time-independent quantum mechanical method and the potential energy surface of Kamisaka et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 654 (2002)] (say KBNN PES). All partial wave contributions of the total angular momentum, J, are included to obtain converged cross sections at low collision energies and rate constants at low temperatures. In order to test the accuracy of the KBNN PES, the results obtained here are compared with those obtained in our earlier work [P. Honvault et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 023201 (2011)] using the accurate potential energy surface of Velilla et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 129, 084307 (2008)]. Integral cross sections and rate constants obtained on the two potential energy surfaces considered here show remarkable differences in terms of magnitude and dependence on collision energy (or temperature) which can be attributed to the differences observed in the topography of the surfaces near to the entrance channel. This clearly shows the inadequacy of the KBNN PES for calculations at low collision energies. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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    A comparative study of nomadic mobile service provisioning approaches
    ( 2007-12-01) Pawar, Pravin ; Srirama, Satish ; Van Beijnum, Bert Jan ; Van Halteren, Aart
    In today's world of pervasive computing, the mobile devices are enriched with a variety of features and being used as a personal information delivery platform. The increased processing, storage and communication capabilities of these devices combined with the latest developments in the area of Service Oriented Architecture enables a new class of services, called Nomadic Mobile Services (NMS). Recent research has resulted in different NMS provisioning approaches; each one employs/defines a different architecture and addresses a different mix of issues. This paper provides a comparative study of three NMS provisioning approaches based on their architectural design, development choices and prototyped applications. Each approach has its own merits considering the applications they aim at. However, in the future, a solution which uses web services for better interoperability and employes proxy approach for better QoS could be a possible technical design. © 2007 IEEE.
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    A comprehensive survey on nature-inspired algorithms and their applications in edge computing: Challenges and future directions
    ( 2022-04-01) Adhikari, Mainak ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Amgoth, Tarachand
    Driven by the vision of real-time applications and smart communication, recent years have witnessed a paradigm shift from centralized cloud computing toward distributed edge computing. The main features of edge computing are to drag the cloud services toward the network edge with dramatic reductions of latency while increasing the resource utilization of the network and computing devices. Being the natural extension of cloud computing, edge computing inherits a variety of research challenges and brings forth different new issues to solve. These challenges are dealing with solving complex optimization problems including scheduling and processing real-time applications. Nature-inspired meta-heuristic (NIMH) algorithm is an overarching term in the field of an optimization problem that provides robust solutions to the NP-complete problems, from computationally tractable approximate solutions to real-time optimization strategies. Nowadays, different NIMH algorithms have been applied in the field of edge computing for solving various research challenges including resource placement and scheduling, communication, mobility, and edge controlling with higher efficiency. In this survey, we classify the existing NIMH into three categories based on their nature of works and included fuzzy logic and systems in the field of edge networks along with different research challenges. Further, we introduce different challenges and future directions to identify promising research works in edge computing.
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    A Context Sensitive Offloading Scheme for Mobile Cloud Computing Service
    ( 2015-08-19) Zhou, Bowen ; Dastjerdi, Amir Vahid ; Calheiros, Rodrigo N. ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Buyya, Rajkumar
    Mobile cloud computing (MCC) has drawn significant research attention as the popularity and capability of mobile devices have been improved in recent years. In this paper, we propose a prototype MCC offloading system that considers multiple cloud resources such as mobile ad-hoc network, cloudlet and public clouds to provide an adaptive MCC service. We propose a context-aware offloading decision algorithm aiming to provide code offloading decisions at runtime on selecting wireless medium and which potential cloud resources as the offloading location based on the device context. We also conduct real experiments on the implemented system to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Results indicate the system and embedded decision algorithm can select suitable wireless medium and cloud resources based on different context of the mobile devices, and achieve significant performance improvement.
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    A generic middleware framework for handling process intensive hybrid cloud services from mobiles
    ( 2011-12-01) Flores, Huber ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Paniagua, Carlos
    Mobile technologies are drawing their attention to the cloud computing due to the increasing demand of the applications, for processing power, storage space and energy. However, developing mobile cloud applications involves working with services and APIs from different cloud vendors. Most often these APIs are not interoperable and the information processed and stored into the cloud is non-transferable across clouds. To counter these problems, a generic middleware framework, Mobile Cloud Middleware (MCM) is designed, which handles the interoperability issues, and eases the use of process-intensive services from mobile phones. A prototype of MCM is developed and several applications are demonstrated in different domains. Moreover, to verify the scalability of MCM, load tests are performed on the hybrid cloud resources. The detailed performance analysis of the middleware framework shows that MCM improves the quality of service for mobiles and helps in maintaining soft-real time responses for mobile cloud applications. © 2011 ACM.
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    A grid fabrication of traffic maintenance system
    ( 2012-08-24) Anitha, Avula ; Wankar, Rajeev ; Raghavendra Rao, C.
    This Paper describes Traffic Maintenance System as a Grid System and proposes an approach for reducing congestion on road traffic. It introduces terminology, notations and evolves congestion controlling strategy. The steps used in this strategy such as clustering, scheduling and communication are described with an illustrative example. © 2012 Springer-Verlag GmbH.
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    A hierarchical learning approach for finding multiple vehicle number plate under cluttered background
    ( 2016-01-01) Kirti, ; Rao, C. Raghavendra ; Wankar, Rajeev ; Agarwal, Arun
    Traffic control is one of the biggest problems faced by the surveillance department in every country. Manual surveillance supported by well-defined rules and effective equipment is a common solution to this problem. But, often traffic personnel fail to isolate and recognize the number plate and hence to penalize the owner of the vehicle who violated the traffic rules due to the speeding vehicle and mounting of number plates at arbitrary parts of the vehicle. Hence, his inability renders the traffic surveillance a challenging research area. The automatic vehicle number plate recognition system provides one of the solutions to this problem but constrained by various limitations. The most challenging aspect is to detect the number plates itself present in an image. The presence of multiple vehicle number plates and cluttered background makes our work different from earlier approaches. A single step process may not be able to detect all the number plates in an image, hence we propose Hierarchical Filtering (HF) approach which employs several transformation functions on the input image. The proposed HF models the characteristics of vehicle number plates and label them by fitting the Logistic Regression model. The proposed method is able to detect all the number plates present in an image but at the expense of some non-number plate regions in the form of a minimum bounding rectangle. The proposed model is tested on a wide range of inputs, and the results are profiled in terms of precision and recall measures.
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    A manifesto for future generation cloud computing: Research directions for the next decade
    ( 2019-01-01) Buyya, Rajkumar ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Casale, Giuliano ; Calheiros, Rodrigo ; Simmhan, Yogesh ; Varghese, Blesson ; Gelenbe, Erol ; Javadi, Bahman ; Vaquero, Luis Miguel ; Netto, Marco A.S. ; Toosi, Adel Nadjaran ; Rodriguez, Maria Alejandra ; Llorente, Ignacio M. ; De Capitani Di Vimercati, Sabrina ; Samarati, Pierangela ; Milojicic, Dejan ; Varela, Carlos ; Bahsoon, Rami ; Dias De Assuncao, Marcos ; Rana, Omer ; Zhou, Wanlei ; Jin, Hai ; Gentzsch, Wolfgang ; Zomaya, Albert Y. ; Shen, Haiying
    The Cloud computing paradigm has revolutionised the computer science horizon during the past decade and has enabled the emergence of computing as the fifth utility. It has captured significant attention of academia, industries, and government bodies. Now, it has emerged as the backbone of modern economy by offering subscription-based services anytime, anywhere following a pay-as-you-go model. This has instigated (1) shorter establishment times for start-ups, (2) creation of scalable global enterprise applications, (3) better cost-to-value associativity for scientific and high-performance computing applications, and (4) different invocation/execution models for pervasive and ubiquitous applications. The recent technological developments and paradigms such as serverless computing, software-defined networking, Internet of Things, and processing at network edge are creating new opportunities for Cloud computing. However, they are also posing several new challenges and creating the need for new approaches and research strategies, as well as the re-evaluation of the models that were developed to address issues such as scalability, elasticity, reliability, security, sustainability, and application models. The proposed manifesto addresses them by identifying the major open challenges in Cloud computing, emerging trends, and impact areas. It then offers research directions for the next decade, thus helping in the realisation of Future Generation Cloud Computing.
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    A mediation framework for mobile web service provisioning
    ( 2006-01-01) Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Jarke, Matthias ; Prinz, Wolfgang
    Web Services and mobile data services are the newest trends in information systems engineering in wired and wireless domains, respectively. Web Services have a broad range of service distributions while mobile phones have large and expanding user base. To address the confluence of Web Services and pervasive mobile devices and communication environments, a basic mobile Web Service provider was developed for smart phones. The performance of this Mobile Host was also analyzed in detail. Further analysis of the Mobile Host to provide proper QoS and to check Mobile Host's feasibility in the P2P networks, identified the necessity of a mediation framework. The paper describes the research conducted with the Mobile Host, identifies the tasks of the mediation framework and then discusses the feasible realization details of such a mobile Web Services mediation framework. © 2006 IEEE.
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    A methodology for high availability of data for business continuity planning / disaster recovery in a grid using replication in a distributed database
    ( 2008-12-01) Chidambaram, J. ; Prabhu, C. S.R. ; Rao, P. A.Narasimha ; Wankar, Rajeev ; Aneesh, C. Sreevallabh ; Agarwal, Arun
    High Availability systems ensure nonstop service delivery despite natural calamities or any other disruptions, whatsoever. In a grid, High Availability can be achieved by offering services of a failed node from any other live node, if redundant storage of data and software of the failed node is made available on that live node. During replication of data in a grid for high availability, the techniques used in distributed databases can be exploited. Data replication can be achieved better by efficient data distribution across the various nodes in the grid. In this paper, a methodology for High Availability of data for Business Continuity Planning/Disaster Recovery (BCP/DR) in a grid environment is proposed, using some of the features of distributed query processing. With this approach OGSA-DQP (Open Grid Services Architecture -Distributed Query Processing) standard can be extended to OGSAHA for high availability.
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    A Middleware for Discovering Proximity-Based Service-Oriented Industrial Internet of Things
    ( 2015-08-17) Chang, Chii ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Mass, Jakob
    In the near future, Industrial Internet of Things can provide various useful spatial information in urban areas. Based on real time resource discovery and data retrieval technologies, mobile devices can continuously interact with surrounding things and provide real time content mash up services to their users. One challenge involved in such a scenario falls in the resource management. Continuous resource discovery and content mash up processes can be resource intensive for common handheld mobile devices. In order to reduce the resource usage, certain tasks of mobile application can be offloaded to Utility Cloud services. However, the task offloading process needs to be context-aware. In certain cases, performing tasks in mobile devices is more cost-efficient. This paper proposes a service-oriented workflow based mobile Cloud middleware framework for balancing the task allocation between the mobile terminal and utility Cloud service. The proposed cost-performance index scheme assists workflow configuration decision-making based on fuzzy set and weight of context schemes. The prototype has been implemented in real mobile devices and the evaluation has shown that the workflow system can automatically configure the task allocation based on resource availabilities.
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    A novel genetic algorithmic approach for computing real roots of a nonlinear equation
    ( 2014-01-01) Nadimpalli, Vijaya Lakshmi V. ; Wankar, Rajeev ; Rao Chillarige, Raghavendra
    Novel Pre-processing and Post-processing methodologies are designed to enhance the performance of the classical Genetic Algorithms (GA) approach so as to obtain efficient interval estimates in finding the real roots of a given nonlinear equation. The Pre-processing methodology suggests a mechanism that adaptively fixes the parameter-‘length of chromosome’ in GA. The proposed methodologies have been implemented and demonstrated through a set of benchmark functions to illustrate the effectiveness.
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    A novel scheme for Compiler Optimization Framework
    ( 2015-09-24) Chebolu, N. A.B.Sankar ; Anurag, ; Wankar, Rajeev
    Determining nearly optimal optimization options and selecting the right values for compiler parameter set is a combinatorial problem. In order to obtain the maximal performance, sophisticated tuning strategies were employed by many researchers. Enormous tuning times are the main hindrance for the application of these strategies in production compilers. Also the existing compiler optimization frameworks do not completely capture the requirements of modern day systems and their performance objectives. In order to mitigate the problem of enormous tuning times and also to capture the requirements of the modern day systems, we are proposing a novel scheme for Compiler Optimization Framework, called Compiler Optimization Adaption Scheme. As part of this scheme, we propose the Objective-specific Tuned Libraries, which will be used to link with the applications as per the desired performance objective. Details of the experimentation supporting our ideas behind the scheme including Objective-specific Tuned Libraries are also presented.
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    A performance evaluation of mobile web services security
    ( 2007-12-01) Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Jarke, Matthias ; Prinz, Wolfgang
    It is now feasible to host basic web services on a smart phone due to the advances in wireless devices and mobile communication technologies. The market capture of mobile web services also has increased significantly, in the past years. While the applications are quite welcoming, the ability to provide secure and reliable communication in the vulnerable and volatile mobile ad-hoc topologies is vastly becoming necessary. Even though a lot of standardized security specifications like WS-Security, SAML exist for web services in the wired networks, not much has been analyzed and standardized in the wireless environments. In this paper we give our analysis of adapting some of the security standards, especially WS-Security to the cellular domain, with performance statistics. The performance latencies are obtained and analyzed while observing the performance and quality of service of our Mobile Host.
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    A Quantum wave packet dynamical study of the electronic and spin-orbit coupling effects on the resonances in Cl(2P) + H2 scattering
    ( 2005-03-03) Ghosal, Subhas ; Mahapatra, Susanta
    Dynamical resonances in Cl(2P) + H2 scattering are investigated with the aid of a time-dependent wave packet approach using the Capecchi-Werner coupled ab initio potential energy surfaces [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2004, 6, 4975]. The resonances arising from the prereactive van der Waals well (∼0.5 kcal/mol) and the transition-state (TS) region of the 2∑1/2 ground spin-oibit (SO) state of the Cl( 2P) + H2 system are calculated and assigned by computing their eigenfunctions and lifetimes. The excitation of even quanta along the bending coordinate of the resonances is observed. The resonances exhibit an extended van der Waals progression, which can be attributed to the dissociative states of ClH2. Excitation of H2 vibration is also identified in the high-energy resonances. The effect of the excited 2PH1/2 SO state of Cl on these resonances is examined by considering the electronic and SO coupling in the dynamical simulations. While the electronic coupling has only a minor impact on the resonance structures, the SO coupling has significant effect on them. The nonadiabatic effect due to the SO coupling'is stronger, and as a result, the spectrum becomes broad and diffuse particularly at high energies. We also report the photodetachment spectrum of ClDH2- and compare the theoretical findings with the available experimental results. © 2005 American Chemical Society.
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    A rough set based PCM for authorizing grid resources
    ( 2010-12-01) Kaiiali, Mustafa ; Wankar, Rajeev ; Rao, C. R. ; Agarwal, Arun
    Many existing grid authorization systems adopt an inefficient structure of storing security policies for the available resources. That leads to huge repetitions in checking security rules. One of the efficient mechanisms that handle these repetitions is the Hierarchical Clustering Mechanism (HCM) [1]. HCM reduces the redundancy in checking security rules compared to the Brute Force Approach as well as the Primitive Clustering Mechanism (PCM). Further enhancement of HCM is done to make it suitable for dynamic environments [2]. However, HCM is not totally free from repetitions. Moreover, HCM is an expensive process in terms of decision tree size and memory consuming. In this paper, a new Rough Set based PCM is proposed which increases the efficiency of the authorization process and further reduces the redundancy. © 2010 IEEE.
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    A semantic followee recommender in Twitter using Topicmodel and Kalman filter
    ( 2016-07-07) Deb, Briti ; Mukherjee, Indrajit ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Vainikko, Eero
    The growing number of users in microblogging sites such as Twitter has created the problem of searching useful followees among millions of users in a reasonable time. One way to address this problem is using a recommender system, which is aimed at providing a list of useful followees in a reasonable time. Although Twitter provides a functionality what it calls 'Who to Follow', neither is it configurable by the user, nor its accuracy is of the highest level. Several approaches have been proposed in literature to recommend followees in Twitter. However, their accuracy and efficiency have been limited, given several Twitter-specific and natural language processing challenges. In this paper, we propose a semantic followee recommender in Twitter based on Topicmodel and Kalman filter, leveraging publicly available knowledge-bases. In particular, we aim to address the (1) wordsense disambiguation problem in tweets using Wikipedia and WordNet, (2) classify users in multiple-labels using Topicmodel and a modified Normalized Google Distance, and (3) remove noise and predict future multi-label classes using the results obtained in step (2) above using Kalman filter. As an application, we conduct a case study to evaluate the efficacy of our model to recommend followees in six predefined classes: politics, sports, business, entertainment, science, and travel. Preliminary analysis show that the model can effectively recommend useful followees in Twitter.
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    A service-oriented mobile cloud middleware framework for provisioning mobile sensing as a service
    ( 2016-01-15) Chang, Chii ; Srirama, Satish Narayana ; Liyanage, Mohan
    Emerging Mobile Phone Sensing (M-Sense) systems enable a flexible large scale wireless sensing capability and also reduce the need of establishing the infrastructure of Wireless Sensor Network for collecting sensory information in the Internet of Things applications. M-Sense has been applied in numerous scenarios including mobile-health systems, environmental monitoring, vehicle ad hoc network, mobile social network, and so on. The drawback of existing M-Sense systems in terms of privacy, trust, less efficiency of participating in multiple sensing networks, has motivated the next generation sensing service provisioning approach. This paper introduces a generic service-oriented Mobile Host Sensing as a Service provisioning framework that allows a mobile device to provide sensing data to multiple parties based on mobile Web services. The proposed framework consists of the hybrid workflow-based control system, the dynamic Utility Cloud service, and the service provisioning scheduling model to enhance the quality of service provisioning. The prototype has been tested on real mobile devices and the details of the performance evaluation are presented.